Even though an Arduino IDE can be easily installed on Ubuntu-like Linux system using the simple apt install arduino command, the version you will can get this way will be quite old – without the latest features and complicity in getting help on the Internet.
In this note i will show the recommended way of how to install the latest version of the Arduino IDE on Ubuntu, though these commands should work for the other Linux systems as well. (more…)
If you select the Ctrl + Shift combination to switch a keyboard layout in Ubuntu or Linux Mint, any other hotkeys with Ctrl + Shift + <Key> may stop working.
This is a known bug in Xorg that can be fixed by applying this patch.
This is a short note about how to fix the Ctrl + Shift + <Key> hotkeys in Ubuntu or Linux Mint by installing the Xorg patch from this PPA. (more…)
The “initramfs boot problem” on Ubuntu or Linux Mint is a situation when a computer does not boot up properly and instead of going straight to the login screen, drops you to the BusyBox shell with the initramfs command-line prompt.
This error usually occurs when the partition containing the operating system got corrupted.
Luckily this problem has a very easy and straightforward solution and in this note i will show how to fix it. (more…)
A router is a device that communicates between the Internet (or public network) and the devices in a local network (or private network).
A typical home router, that usually acts as a default gateway for the local devices, can be configured using a web-based configuration page that can be accessed from a web-browser if you know the router’s IP address.
In this note i will show how to find out the router’s IP address in Windows, Linux and MacOS from the command line. (more…)
When a file or a directory is created in a Linux file system, a name and a uniq inode number is assigned to it.
An inode is a data structure that contains information about a disk block location of a file or a directory and may include metadata (times of last change, access, modification), as well as information about the owner and permissions.
The number of inodes is defined during the file system creation and can’t be increased without reformatting the partition.
In this note i will show how to check the inode usage in Linux, how to list top directories sorted by inode usage and how to show the inode number of a file or a directory. (more…)
Swap in Linux is a space on a disk drive (HDD or SSD) that is used when the amount of physical memory (RAM) tends to get full.
Swap space is usually created as a dedicated swap partition during the system’s installation but it also can take the form of a swap file.
As usually there is no swap partitions on Linux VMs, the only way to create or extend a swap space there is by creating a swap file.
In this note i will show how to create a swap file on Ubuntu, though these commands should work for the other Linux systems as well. (more…)
If you execute the free -m command you may notice that the operating system can use some swap even if there is still RAM free.
This behaviour is controlled by the Linux kernel parameter vm.swappiness and can be changed by setting its value from 0 to 100.
The swappiness in Linux is a rate in which the operating system tends to write data out of the RAM onto the disk drive (HDD or SSD).
In this note i’ll show how to check and how to change the swappiness in Linux. (more…)
Swap in Linux is a space on a disk drive (HDD or SSD) that is used when the amount of physical memory (RAM) tends to get full.
Although it protects Linux system from getting out of memory, in certain cases it is recommended to disable swap.
For example swap should be disabled on Kubernetes nodes, on database servers where I/O performance is critical and on SSD drives to increase their lifespan.
In this note i will show how to disable swap permanently on Ubuntu, though these commands should work for the other Linux systems as well. (more…)
Formatting USB drives in Linux from the command line (terminal) is very easy.
In this note i will show how to format an external HDD, SSD or USB flash drive in Linux from the command line using mkfs utility.
I will provide the examples of disk formatting to the most popular file system types: FAT32, exFAT, NTFS, EXT4, XFS and will show how to list the all supported file systems. (more…)
Artifactory comes with a pre-configured default “admin” account.
In this short note you will find the default Artifactory credentials and i will show how to test Artifactory login, password and API Key by authenticating on Artifactory’s REST API using curl command from the command line in Linux. (more…)